07 · Oven & baking

Understand a soufflé

Combine a flavoured base and egg-white foam without knocking out the air that provides the lift.

01

The foam creates the lift

Whisked whites contain many small air bubbles held by unfolded proteins. In the oven, the air and water vapour expand while heat sets the surrounding structure. The dish rises because of this expansion, not because eggs contain a chemical raising agent.

02

Make the base compatible

The flavoured base should be smooth, strongly seasoned and cool enough not to cook the foam on contact. Loosen it with about a quarter of the whites, then fold in the rest with broad cuts and turns, stopping when only faint streaks remain.

03

Prepare for immediate service

Butter the dish and coat it as the recipe directs so the mixture can climb. Fill, level and clean the rim, then bake without repeatedly opening the door. A soufflé naturally settles as steam escapes, so serve it promptly rather than treating some collapse as failure.

Read the result

What good looks like

  • Glossy whites that hold the specified peak
  • A base and foam combined without dense pockets
  • An evenly risen top and set outer structure

Troubleshooting

Two useful corrections

Little rise

Check for yolk or grease in the whites and fold less aggressively.

Wet, heavy base

Use the tested quantity and consistency; excess liquid overwhelms the foam.

Safety point

Do not taste raw soufflé mixture. Use pasteurised egg where local guidance recommends it and bake to a suitable endpoint for the eater.

International egg-safety guidance →

Put it into practice

Recipes that use this skill

Basic crisp meringue